Know what is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age, from 15 to 44 years.

Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone. In this condition the ovaries are enlarged with numerous small follicular cysts arranged on the outer edge and the ovaries fail to regularly release eggs. These cysts are not harmful but can result in hormonal imbalance. It is also the most common cause of infertility and can lead to many other health problems such as diabetes and heart disease.

Cause

Well, the exact cause of PCOS is still not known, but research suggest role of genetics, hormonal imbalance (high androgen and insulin levels) and inflammation.

In most cases women present with symptoms of PCOS in early teens, while others discover it when they have excess weight gain or have trouble in getting pregnant. Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome vary from one woman to another.

Symptoms:

Commonly seen symptoms are:

• Irregular period: menstrual cycle may be infrequent, irregular and prolonged
• Hirsutism: Excess hairs on the face and body (more on the chest, belly & back)
• Acne / Oily skin
• Weight gain
• Depression or mood swing
• Male pattern baldness
• Sleep apnea: repeated pauses in breathing while asleep

Other long-term effect of Polycystic Ovary syndrome on health are: infertility, repeated miscarriages, premature birth, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes and uterine cancer.

Management

Diagnosis of PCOS is difficult and there are no specific designed criteria. It is diagnosed based on your symptoms, medical history, physical & pelvic examination, aided by imaging modalities & blood test including hormone level.

If diagnosis of PCOS is made one has to develop a healthy lifestyle like – healthy diet, weight control, regular exercise & abstain from smoking. Your menstrual irregularities and other PCOS symptoms can improve with just losing 5-10% of your weight.

Treatment

Treatment of PCOS is based on individual concerns & presenting symptoms. Hormonal pills may be prescribed by your doctor to correct your hormonal imbalance. Visit your Gynaecologist if you have concerns about your irregular period, excessive weight gain, worsening hirsutism, acne or infertility.

Note: Consult a doctor by taking appointment.

For appointment regarding PCOS, Contact:  +91 8375011234.